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DANA BICKFIORD, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Patent No. 72,590, dated December 24, 1867; antedated December 14, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN MATERIALS FOR PUMP-PISTONS, ENGINES,

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, DANA BICIKFORD, of Boston, in the county of Sufl'olk, and State of Massachusetts, have discovered a way whereby I can form Forcing-Pistons, Pumps, Engines, and even Springs, withoutwasting any of' the power applied in friction, in either compressing air, throwing liquids, driving machinery, loom and machine-shuttles, throwing balls, toys, 860. Now a large share of the power applied is ove'rbalanced by friction.

Thenature of my invention consists in forming or manufacturing such articles as compressing-apparatus for compressing air, also the forming of pistons for vusing compressed air (or its equivalent) for driving machinery, throwing balls,, driving shuttles, toys, &c., and the making of house, garden, fire, or toy-engines, and force-pumps, artificial fountains, 850., from rubber br some other flexible material, in different shapes and forms; and if they are not strong enough I cover the outside with wire cloth, strip of metal, or its equivalent, in such a form as to give any strength required and still allow the article to remain perfectly flexible. As common elastic tubing is not strong enough to transmit this power, I also strengthen it in the way described;

' and if required, I line it with a composition that will not be affected by acids,"mbrcur-y, or steam, &c.

It is-not profitable, now, to transmit power by compressed air, as'there is so much friction in common airpumps, but in my way all the power applied is returned in power, in mines, tunnels or at a distance, and all .the force applied to liquids or machinery acts directly when it is required; and what is of greater importance,

the articles can be ofi'ered for one-eighth the price of articles now made for the purpose, and they are simple, easily applied, and will not get out of order.

As this explanation will be easlly understood by those concerned, it will need. no further description or drawings. 1 p

What I claim as my invention, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is-

Manufacturing of these different articles in the various ways described and setforth, also the strengthen ing in the ways and for the different purposes described. Y DANA BIOKFORD.

Witnesses A. M. GAREY, M. E. Blcxrono. 

